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Microsoft Failover Cluster provides an option to configure a quorum for the cluster. During the cluster configuration you are required to assign a separate disk for configuring the quorum. The disk that is assigned for quorum stores a copy of cluster configuration data.
A cluster uses the quorum for the following tasks:
Define which cluster node should be active at any given time.
Define on which cluster node the service group should be brought online, in the event of a split-brain.
By default, the failover cluster uses a single physical disk resource and a basic disk volume resource for a quorum.
If the physical disk resource fails or becomes corrupted, the cluster becomes unusable. To avoid this failure you must use a dynamic disk group resource. Unlike a physical disk resource which contains a single disk, a dynamic disk group resource contains more than one disk. A dynamic disk group resource provides a high level of redundancy by allowing the mirroring of disks.